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Experts' Interpretation: improving the environmental protection electricity price policy, strengthening the implementation of peak valley electricity price

fighting the battle of pollution prevention and control is a major decision and deployment made by the 19th CPC National Congress. In the past 10 years of air pollution control and power industry emission reduction, the environmental protection electricity price policy has played a key supporting role, and it is expected to play a more obvious role in the blue sky defense war. In addition to the previously clear environmental protection electricity price policy, the national development and Reform Commission recently issued the opinions on innovating and improving the price mechanism for promoting green development (hereinafter referred to as the opinions), which further clarified that it is necessary to improve the differentiated electricity price policy and use the price lever to promote energy conservation and emission reduction, which will play a positive role in winning the battle of pollution prevention and control

environmental protection electricity price policy promotes energy conservation and emission reduction

environmental protection electricity price policy is a price policy that affects the behavior of producers and consumers through price leverage, so as to guide producers or consumers to work towards energy conservation and environmental protection. Environmental protection electricity price policies include electricity price support policies for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, dust emission reduction and ultra-low emission of coal-fired power plants, industry differentiated electricity price policies and residential step electricity price policies. The role of environmental protection electricity price policy in energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection is mainly reflected in promoting industrial transformation and upgrading, power plant pollution reduction, changes in consumer behavior, and so on. At present, it has achieved good results

in order to give full play to the incentive and restraint role of price leverage, in recent years, the state has successively issued policy documents, specifying that the desulfurization electricity price increase standard is 1.5 cents per kWh, the denitration electricity price is 1 cents per kWh, and the dust removal electricity price is 0.2 cents per kWh. In 2015, the state also issued a policy to support ultra-low emission electricity prices for coal-fired power plants. In September 2017, the national development and Reform Commission issued the "opinions on the price policy of clean heating in northern China", requiring the improvement of the "coal to electricity" electricity price policy. In areas suitable for "coal to electricity", the cost of clean heating electricity should be reduced by improving the peak valley time-sharing system and the step price policy. Reasonably determine the heating power consumption, encourage the superposition of peak and valley electricity prices, clarify the village level "coal to electricity" electricity price policy, and reduce the residents' electricity cost of "coal to electricity". The national development and Reform Commission also issued the notice on matters related to the use of price means to promote the supply side structural reform of the steel industry, and decided to implement a more stringent differential electricity price policy and a step-by-step electricity price policy based on process energy consumption for the steel industry from January 1, 2017

the electricity price subsidy policy has effectively promoted the pollution reduction of power plants. Under the incentive of the environmental protection electricity price policy, the enthusiasm of power generation enterprises to implement the transformation of desulfurization, denitration and dust removal facilities has significantly increased, effectively promoting the realization of emission reduction targets. By the end of 2017, the capacity of flue gas desulfurization units of thermal power plants that have been put into operation nationwide is about 920million kW, accounting for 83.6% of the national thermal power unit capacity, accounting for 93.9% of the national coal-fired power unit capacity. If considering the circulating fluidized bed boiler with desulfurization effect, the national desulfurization units account for nearly 100% of coal-fired power units; The thermal power plant has been put into operation... Put the sample in the two clamps of the experimental machine, and the capacity of the flue gas denitration unit is about 960 million KW, accounting for 87.3% of the national thermal power unit capacity; Ultra low emission units account for more than 70% of China's coal-fired units, and the power generation accounts for about 75%. It can be said that China has established the world's largest clean body of the power industry. From the perspective of emission reduction, the power industry has exceeded the regulation target during the "12th Five Year Plan". At the same time, the environmental protection electricity price policy also promotes the development of clean energy and non fossil energy. In terms of power generation, the proportion of coal power in China has dropped to 57.9%

the differentiated electricity price policy promotes the emission reduction and upgrading of high energy consuming industries. Taking the cement industry as an example, before the implementation of the step tariff policy, about 20% of the production lines with production capacity failed to meet the national energy consumption standards. After the implementation of step tariff, the enthusiasm of cement enterprises for technological transformation has been greatly enhanced. According to the statistics of the competent department of the industry, about half of the enterprises whose production lines fail to meet the energy consumption standards have been eliminated, and half have been upgraded to meet the national energy consumption standards

step electricity prices promote residents' green consumption and effectively mobilize residents' enthusiasm for saving electricity. With the growth of average household electricity consumption, the electricity price per thousand watt hour increases step by step. The implementation of step-by-step incremental electricity price for residential electricity can improve energy efficiency, realize differential pricing in market segments through segmented electricity, and subsidize low-income residents while improving electricity efficiency. At the same time, the introduction of the new policy of energy-saving subsidies for household appliances has made the national consumer focus on the purchase of energy-saving household appliances, and consumers' preference for energy-saving household appliances has increased significantly. The introduction of the subsidy policy for energy saving and benefiting the people of household appliances not only stimulated the continuation of the consumption policy, but also pointed out the development trend of energy-saving products in the household appliance industry, which helped to promote the upgrading of green consumption in the country

main aspects of policies that need to be improved

sustained emission reduction in the power industry requires sustained environmental protection electricity price policies. The capacity of desulfurization units in China has exceeded 800million kW, of which more than 90% have been completed and put into operation in recent 10 years. Although the power environmental protection policy has achieved certain results, the power industry still needs to fully implement ultra-low emissions, and the operation of desulfurization, denitration, dust removal and mercury removal facilities also requires a lot of funds. In recent years, affected by the deterioration of power coal quality and the general increase of sulfur content, power enterprises have spent a lot of money on the technical transformation of desulfurization devices that cannot meet the standard. As the emission limit is significantly tightened, under the condition that the quality of power coal cannot be fundamentally improved in the short term, a new round of desulfurization transformation of active units is bound to be carried out, and some facilities will even be demolished and rebuilt, resulting in huge financial pressure on thermal power enterprises. At this stage, the market-based electricity price formation mechanism has not been effectively formed, and the function of electricity price to guide investment should be specially considered in the formulation of electricity price policy. The signal of electricity price to investors can neither guide excess investment, nor produce insufficient investment. The power industry is capital intensive, and excess investment will cause resource occupation or idle loss, while insufficient investment will lead to power supply shortage. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a stable, sustainable and predictable environmental protection electricity price policy system

the role of differentiated electricity prices needs to be expanded. In some places, there is successful experience of differentiated electricity price policy, but it has not been popularized nationwide, and the implementation of differentiated electricity price is not enough. Due to the untimely updating of the industrial categories and industrial catalogs of the differential electricity price policy implemented in most provinces and the failure to implement dynamic management, the implementation of the policy is insufficient, the scope of the actual implementation of the differential electricity price is relatively small, and there are unfair phenomena among enterprises, which affect the implementation effect of the differential electricity price policy, including 4-butane 2 isocyanate (BDI), 6 methylene 2 isocyanate (HDI), huperyl chloride (LDI) Isophorone 2 isocyanate (IPDI) and lysine 3 isocyanate] to synthesize degradable pur fruit is also not conducive to the implementation of energy conservation and emission reduction policies. In addition, as for the punitive electricity price policy, different regions pay different attention to it, and some provinces have not issued punitive electricity price implementation measures; Provinces that have introduced punitive electricity price implementation measures also have uneven implementation parameters of punitive electricity price policies due to different understandings of industry quota standards, price increase standards, collection scope, use of income, and certain conflicts with differential electricity prices in the scope of implementation, so that the punitive electricity price policies for high energy consumption and high emissions have not been fully implemented

the incentive mechanism of clean energy and clean lifestyle is not enough. The endowment and demand of clean energy resources in China are inversely distributed. The western region is rich in scenery and water resources. After centralized development, it cannot be consumed in a balanced manner on the spot, and large-scale delivery is required. For a long time, China's electricity has been based on Provincial balance and local consumption, and there is a lack of policies and electricity price mechanisms for clean energy consumption across provinces and regions. At present, more than two-thirds of the country's coal-fired power is concentrated in the eastern and central regions, which seriously exceeds the carrying capacity of the environment. However, considering the industrial development in the province, the growth of regional GDP, employment and other factors, some Eastern and central provinces are still actively seeking to build new coal-fired units and are unwilling to use clean electricity outside the province, resulting in nowhere to go for the surplus power in large hydropower provinces. In addition, there are also problems such as the uncoordinated development of power supply and electricity, and the lagging construction of clean energy transmission channels. The trans provincial transmission capacity needs to be strengthened. It is necessary to establish a price mechanism and a clean energy quota system that are conducive to breaking provincial barriers and promoting the cross provincial consumption of clean energy. Rural "coal to electricity" is an important measure to promote clean heating in the north, control air pollution and change rural lifestyle. At present, there are problems of high power consumption of heating equipment and poor heating effect. "Coal to electricity" is not a simple replacement of heating equipment, it is a social system engineering, which includes not only the line transformation of power enterprises and the electricity price of heating enterprises, but also the breakthrough of key technologies of aluminum alloy materials for aviation and automobile and the application, maintenance, maintenance and other problems of completely independent supply of materials. Heating cost is a key factor affecting users' use of electric heating. To reduce the cost of electric heating, we need to work from many aspects, such as market mechanism, improving price policy and technological innovation

new measures proposed in the opinions

in order to make better use of the electricity price policy to promote energy conservation and emission reduction and environmental protection, the opinions puts forward the following policies in improving the implementation of differentiated electricity prices and encouraging green consumption

clean up and cancel preferential tariff policies for high energy consuming industries. We will comprehensively clean up and abolish preferential tariffs and other unreasonable price preferential policies for high energy consuming industries. All localities will clean up and rectify preferential tariff policies for industries with serious overcapacity, and prohibit the implementation of preferential tariffs and electricity subsidies on their own

improve the differentiated electricity price policy. We will strictly implement the differential electricity price policy for seven industries, including ferroalloy, calcium carbide, caustic soda, cement, iron and steel, yellow phosphorus and zinc smelting, and implement higher prices for the electricity consumption (including market-oriented trading electricity) of eliminated and restricted enterprises. All localities should timely evaluate the implementation effect of differential and step-by-step tariff policies, expand the scope of differential and step-by-step tariff implementation industries according to actual needs, improve the price increase standards, promote relevant industries to strengthen technological transformation, improve energy efficiency, and accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity. Encourage all localities to explore and establish differentiated electricity price policies based on energy consumption per unit output value and pollutant emissions, and promote clean transformation

improve the formation mechanism of peak and valley electricity prices. We will strengthen the implementation of peak and valley electricity prices and use price signals to guide power to cut peak and fill valleys. On the premise that the general level of sales electricity price remains unchanged, the provincial price authorities can establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for peak and valley electricity prices, further expand the implementation scope of peak and valley electricity prices on the sales side, reasonably determine and dynamically adjust peak and valley periods, expand the price difference and fluctuation range of peak and valley electricity prices, and guide users to stagger peak electricity consumption in the mechanical testing of building materials and metal materials

in addition, the electricity price support policy is used to encourage green transportation and reduce the electricity cost of sewage treatment enterprises. For the power consumption of sewage treatment enterprises, centralized electric vehicle charging and changing facilities, commercial power for port shore power operation, and seawater desalination that implement the two-part electricity price, the electricity demand (capacity) charge will be exempted